Die shoes (holders) – the set of flat, parallel plates that serve as the foundation for mounting die components.Note that because nomenclature varies between sources, alternate names are in parenthesis:

The main components of a die set (including press mounting) are as follows. Additional crimping or rolling operations may be performed to ensure that all sharp edges are hidden and/or to add rigidity to the panel. In the case of an automotive component, there will usually be a shearing operation after the main forming is done. The workpiece may pass through several stages using different tools or operations to obtain the final form. Vacuum forming is considered a simple molding thermoforming process but uses the same principles as die forming.įor the forming of sheet metal, such as automobile body parts, two parts may be used: one, called the punch, performs the stretching, bending, and/or blanking operation, while another part that is called the die block securely clamps the workpiece and provides similar stretching, bending, and/or blanking operation. Forming dies are typically made by tool and die makers and put into production after mounting into a press.įor the vacuum forming of plastic sheet only a single form is used, typically to form transparent plastic containers (called blister packs) for merchandise. Such dies are used in progressive stamping.īlanking and piercing are two die cutting operations, and bending is an example of a die forming operation.įorming operations work by deforming materials like sheet metal or plastic using force ( compression, tension, or both) and rely on the material's mechanical properties. Progressive die with scrap strip and stampings.

Forging die design handbook pdf